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VSTM-1 agonist monoclonal antibody is a preclinical-stage biologic therapeutic being developed by NextCure for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and other progressive inflammatory airway disorders. The drug is an agonist monoclonal antibody that targets VSTM-1 (V-set and transmembrane domain containing 1, also known as SIRL-1), a cell-surface inhibitory receptor highly expressed on granulocytes, including neutrophils, and pulmonary monocytes. VSTM-1 functions as a negative regulator of myeloid cell-driven inflammatory cascades. By binding to and activating VSTM-1, this antibody suppresses inflammatory activity by blocking neutrophil-mediated inflammation, cytokine production, NETosis, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Preclinical studies have demonstrated that the antibody reduces pulmonary pathology and prevents disease progression in animal models, including humanized mouse models engineered to express human VSTM-1.
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