xanthohumol

Xanthohumol is a prenylated chalcone and the principal flavonoid found in the female flowers (cones) of the hop plant (*Humulus lupulus* L.), which is also used in beer production[1][2][5]. It exhibits a wide range of biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, antineoplastic (anticancer), anti-aging, and metabolic effects demonstrated in cell culture and animal models[1][3][5]. Mechanistically, xanthohumol has been shown to inhibit valosin-containing protein (VCP), impairing autophagosome maturation; it can induce protective detoxification enzymes via activation of the nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2 pathway; and it may modulate estrogenic pathways through its metabolites[6][5]. Research into its clinical applications includes potential roles in cancer prevention/treatment and metabolic syndrome. However, its poor solubility and bioavailability have prompted development of novel delivery systems such as nanoparticles or polymer-based carriers to enhance therapeutic efficacy[3].

Other names

(E)-1-[2,4-dihydroxy-6-methoxy-3-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)phenyl]-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-en-1-oneXantho-FlavXanthohuMo