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Xiehuo Xiaoying decoction (XHXY) is a traditional Chinese medicine formula used primarily for the treatment of Graves' disease. It is composed of multiple herbal ingredients, with its main active components identified through high-performance liquid chromatography and proteomics studies. The mechanism of action involves promoting apoptosis in thyroid cells by upregulating FAS-associated death domain protein (FADD), Caspase 8, and Caspase 3, thereby reducing thyroxine and thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor antibody (TRAb) levels. Additionally, it modulates immune responses by inhibiting T follicular helper cell expansion and promoting T follicular regulatory cell amplification. The Keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathway may also be involved in its therapeutic effects[1][2][6][7]. Clinical studies suggest that XHXY can improve symptoms and biochemical markers in patients with Graves' disease.
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