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Xinfeng capsule is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) compound formulation that has been clinically used for over 20 years, primarily in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), as well as ankylosing spondylitis and osteoarthritis. The formula typically contains Tripterygium wilfordii (Thunder God Vine), Astragalus root (Radix Astragali Mongolici), and coix seed. Its mechanism of action involves anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects, including inhibition of inflammation and oxidative stress by up-regulating LINC00638 and activating the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. Network pharmacology studies suggest it targets multiple pathways relevant to RA pathogenesis such as TNF, IL-17, NF-κB signaling, TLR4/MAPK/NF-κB pathway modulation, reduction of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-17), improvement in coagulation parameters associated with RA-related hypercoagulable state, promotion of apoptosis in inflammatory cells, and antioxidant activity. Key active components identified include triptolide (from Tripterygium wilfordii), quercetin (from various herbal sources), formononetin (from Astragalus root), β-sitosterol and stigmasterol[2][3][4][5][8]. Clinical studies have shown efficacy in reducing immune inflammation markers such as CRP and ESR in RA patients[1][3].
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