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Yiqihuoxue is a traditional Chinese herbal compound formula used primarily in the management of cardiovascular and inflammatory diseases. It is composed of multiple herbs including membranous milkvetch root (Astragalus), semen brassicae (mustard seed), angelica sinensis (dong quai), papaya, fangji root (Stephania tetrandra), earthworm extract, and Ligusticum wallichii. The formula has demonstrated effects such as improving cardiac function in chronic heart failure and coronary artery disease patients by reducing inflammation markers like C-reactive protein and NT-proBNP when combined with conventional Western medicine[5][1]. Mechanistically, it acts through anti-inflammatory pathways including inhibition of PI3K/AKT and NF-κB signaling[3], modulation of gut microbiota[1], suppression of apoptosis in cardiomyocytes and nucleus pulposus cells[2][4], reduction of Th-17 lymphocyte infiltration[2], inhibition of TGF-β1/Smads pathway to reduce fibrosis[3], as well as downregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and TNF-α. It has also shown efficacy in animal models for intervertebral disc degeneration by inhibiting cell apoptosis within the disc tissue[2]. Clinical studies have explored its use for chronic kidney disease-related cardiovascular complications, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)[3], heart failure[4][5], coronary artery disease with cardiac dysfunction[1] and other conditions associated with "qi deficiency" or "blood stasis" syndromes per traditional Chinese medicine.
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