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11-cis-Retinal (11-cis-RA)
- Target
- 11-cis-RA
- Molecular classification
- Chromophore, Retinoid, Vitamin A derivative, Photosensitive molecule
01
Overview
11-cis-Retinal is the chromophore of rhodopsin and cone opsins, essential for vision. It undergoes photoisomerization upon light absorption, initiating the phototransduction cascade. Deficiencies in its production lead to visual impairment, making it a therapeutic target for retinal diseases. Treatments focus on functional replacement via direct administration or enhanced biosynthesis.
- Other names
- 11-cis-Retinaldehyde11-cis-Vitamin A aldehydeCis-retinal
02
Mechanism of action
Replaces deficient endogenous 11-cis-retinal, restoring the ability of opsin to form functional visual pigments and initiate phototransduction upon light exposure.
03
Biological functions
Visual transductionPhotoreceptor activationOpsin bindingLight detectionVision
04
Disease associations
Retinitis pigmentosaLeber congenital amaurosisInherited retinal dystrophiesAge-related macular degeneration (AMD)Vision loss
05
Safety considerations
Retinoid toxicity (hypervitaminosis A)PhotosensitivityTeratogenicity (for systemic retinoids)Potential for off-target effects on other retinoid-sensitive pathways
06
Interacting drugs
AL-488 (Isotretinoin)
2 more in the full profile.
07
Biomarkers
Electroretinogram (ERG) responsesVisual acuityOcular fundus examinationPlasma or ocular fluid levels of retinoids
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