Arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase, 12S type (ALOX12)

Arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase, 12S type (ALOX12) is a lipoxygenase enzyme encoded by the *ALOX12* gene, responsible for catalyzing the oxygenation of arachidonic acid and other polyunsaturated fatty acids to produce bioactive lipid mediators, most notably 12S-HpETE. These products regulate multiple signaling pathways, including those involved in inflammation, platelet function, and cancer cell behavior[1][4]. ALOX12-driven lipid mediators can also activate nuclear receptors such as PPARG, influencing adipogenesis and metabolic traits[2]. The enzyme and its metabolites (such as hepoxilins and lipoxins) have pro-inflammatory and pro-resolution functions, making ALOX12 a target of interest in oncology, metabolic disease, and cardiovascular research. Its expression and activity are tightly controlled by substrate availability and localization, and allelic variants are associated with disease traits such as obesity and diabetes[2][4].

Other names

Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX1212-lipoxygenase12S-lipoxygenase12S-LOX12-LOXLOG12Platelet-type lipoxygenase 12Platelet 12-LOXLipoxin synthase 12-LOArachidonate (12S)-lipoxygenaseArachidonate (15S)-lipoxygenaseLinoleate (13S)-lipoxygenase

Inhibition of ALOX12 decreases production of 12S-hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoic acid (12S-HpETE) and eicosanoids, which can reduce inflammation, proliferation, and cancer cell migration[1]. Modulation of PPARG, thereby affecting adipogenesis and insulin sensitivity[2]. Impact on platelet aggregation through reduced bioactive lipoxin production[4].