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14-3-3 protein–B-Raf complex

Molecular classification
Other (Scaffold/adaptor protein complex), Serine/threonine-protein kinase complex
01

Overview

The **14-3-3 protein–B-Raf complex** is a dynamic protein–protein interaction critical for RAF kinase regulation in signal transduction pathways, including the MAPK/ERK pathway[1][2]. 14-3-3 proteins are dimeric adaptors that bind phosphorylated motifs on B-Raf, influencing its activation state: they can inhibit B-Raf by stabilizing an autoinhibited conformation when bound to specific phosphorylated serines, or promote activation and dimerization under other phosphorylation states[1][6]. This complex acts as a central node in growth factor and oncogenic signaling. Targeting this protein–protein interface is under investigation for cancer therapy, particularly given its role in MAPK pathway-driven tumors, but presents challenges due to the ubiquitous cellular roles of 14-3-3 proteins[1][6][2][5][7].

Other names
14-3-3:B-Raf complex14-3-3:RAF complexB-Raf:14-3-3 complexRAF kinase–14-3-3 complex
02

Mechanism of action

Inhibition of RAF kinase activity by preventing or destabilizing 14-3-3/B-Raf interaction Stabilization of autoinhibited B-Raf conformation by promoting 14-3-3 binding at inhibitory phospho-sites Inhibition of oncogenic B-Raf signaling by blockade of dimerization or membrane translocation

03

Biological functions

Signal transductionCell proliferationApoptosisCell cycle regulationProtein traffickingStress response
04

Disease associations

Cancer (especially melanoma and other Ras/Raf-driven cancers)Neurodegenerative disease (roles attributed to 14-3-3 proteins and possibly the complex)Cardiovascular disease (by pathway association)
05

Safety considerations

Disrupting the 14-3-3/B-Raf interaction risks off-target effects, as 14-3-3 proteins scaffold hundreds of cellular proteinsInhibition may cause paradoxical MAPK pathway activation or cellular toxicity due to loss of 14-3-3 regulation of other partnersTargeting protein–protein interfaces is technically challenging and may yield incomplete or context-dependent inhibition
06

Interacting drugs

Sorafenib (RAF inhibitor, disrupts RAF signaling, may indirectly affect the complex)

2 more in the full profile.

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Biomarkers

14-3-3 isoform expression (e.g., eta isoform as a biomarker in rheumatoid arthritis, but not specific to RAF interaction)B-Raf mutations (e.g., V600E mutation in cancer)Phosphorylation of B-Raf at Ser365/Ser729 (regulatory sites essential for 14-3-3 interaction)

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