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14-alpha Sterol Demethylase
- Molecular classification
- Enzyme, Cytochrome P450 superfamily, Heme-binding protein
01
Overview
14-alpha Sterol Demethylase (CYP51) is an essential enzyme in sterol biosynthesis, catalyzing the removal of the 14α-methyl group from lanosterol or obtusifoliol. It is a key target for antifungal and antiparasitic drugs, as its inhibition disrupts cell membrane integrity in fungi and protozoa by preventing ergosterol synthesis. In animals, it is involved in cholesterol synthesis. The enzyme is found in the endoplasmic reticulum membrane and is a member of the cytochrome P450 superfamily.
- Other names
- Sterol 14-demethylaseLanosterol 14α-demethylaseP45014DMCyp51CYP51A1
02
Mechanism of action
Inhibition of sterol 14α-demethylase blocks ergosterol/cholesterol synthesis, disrupting cell membrane integrity and leading to cell death or impaired function in fungi/protozoa.
03
Biological functions
Sterol biosynthesisErgosterol synthesisCholesterol synthesisCell membrane integrityLipid metabolism
04
Disease associations
InfectionFungal infectionsParasitic infectionsLipid metabolism disorders
05
Safety considerations
Drug resistancePotential for drug-drug interactions due to CYP450 inhibitionSpecies selectivity (toxicity to host cells)
06
Interacting drugs
Azoles (e.g., Fluconazole, Itraconazole, Voriconazole)
1 more in the full profile.
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