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Target intelligence / Profile preview
2-hydroxyacyl-CoA lyase 1 (HACL1)
- Target
- HACL1
- Molecular classification
- Enzyme, Lyase, Peroxisomal protein
01
Overview
2-hydroxyacyl-CoA lyase 1 (HACL1) is a peroxisomal thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP)-dependent enzyme that plays a crucial role in the α-oxidation of fatty acids, specifically in the breakdown of 3-methyl-branched fatty acids like phytanic acid and in the shortening of 2-hydroxy long-chain fatty acids. HACL1 catalyzes the cleavage (removal of C1) of 2-hydroxyacyl-CoA intermediates to produce formyl-CoA and an (n-1) aldehyde. This reaction is essential for fatty acid metabolism in mammals. HACL1 is a homotetramer with a peroxisomal targeting signal and requires thiamine pyrophosphate as a cofactor. No genetic deficiency has yet been described in humans, but thiamine deficiency could impact its enzymatic activity. HACL1 is not currently targeted by any therapeutic drugs, but it is classified as a relevant enzymatic target in metabolic pathways related to peroxisomes and fatty acid oxidation.
- Other names
- 2-hydroxyphytanoyl-CoA lyase2-HPCLHPCLHPCL2PHYH2
02
Biological functions
Fatty acid alpha-oxidationDegradation of 3-methyl-branched fatty acids (such as phytanic acid)Shortening of 2-hydroxy long-chain fatty acidsProtein targeting to peroxisome
03
Disease associations
Biotinidase deficiencyConjugate gaze palsyOther (No direct evidence currently links HACL1 to a broad spectrum of major human diseases. No human deficiency of HACL1 has yet been described.)
04
Safety considerations
No specific safety concerns described regarding HACL1 inhibition or activationIt is theorized that thiamine deficiency could affect HACL1 activity due to its cofactor dependenceDisturbance of peroxisomal fatty acid metabolism or alpha-oxidation pathways could generally have toxic effects
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