23S ribosomal RNA of the 50S bacterial ribosome subunit (23S rRNA)

23S ribosomal RNA is a large RNA molecule, approximately 2,904 nucleotides in *Escherichia coli*, forming the catalytic core (peptidyl transferase center) of the 50S subunit of the bacterial ribosome[1][2]. It is essential for protein synthesis, facilitating peptide bond formation and ensuring proper positioning of tRNAs during translation[1][9][3]. The 23S rRNA is organized into six secondary structural domains, serving as the primary site for the binding of many clinically important antibiotics that inhibit bacterial translation[1]. Mutations or chemical modifications in specific nucleotides of 23S rRNA can result in antibiotic resistance and affect bacterial fitness[1][7]. The eukaryotic homolog is the 28S rRNA found in the 60S ribosomal subunit[1].

Other names

23S rRNA23S RNAlarge subunit ribosomal RNALSU rRNApeptidyl transferase center RNA

Inhibition of peptide bond formation by binding to the peptidyl transferase center Prevention of tRNA binding or proper positioning Inhibition of ribosomal translocation or elongation during translation Induction of conformational changes that hinder ribosomal function