40S ribosomal protein S15a (RPS15A)

40S ribosomal protein S15a (RPS15A) is a highly conserved, cytoplasmic protein that forms part of the small (40S) subunit of the ribosome, which is essential for catalyzing protein synthesis in eukaryotic cells[1][3][4]. It belongs to the S8P family of ribosomal proteins and plays a crucial role in ribosome biogenesis, RNA binding, and ribosomal RNA (rRNA) processing[1]. RPS15A is involved in the initiation of translation and is required for proper erythropoiesis[1]. Disruption or knockdown of RPS15A impairs cell proliferation (notably in cancer cell lines), likely via induction of G0/G1 cell cycle arrest, and its overexpression has been linked to the progression of multiple human malignancies including osteosarcoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, breast cancer, and more[2]. Human RPS15A gene mutations are associated with Diamond-Blackfan anemia, a rare congenital disease affecting erythrocyte production[1]. No direct-acting therapeutic drugs are currently available that target RPS15A[2]. Notes: - RPS15A is generally considered a housekeeping structural protein critical for global protein synthesis, not a classic "therapeutic target" like receptors, enzymes, or transporters, though it has emerging interest for cancer research due to its role in cell growth and malignancy[2]. - Inhibition of RPS15A is theoretically challenging due to its essential function in all cells and potential toxicity[2].

Other names

Small ribosomal subunit protein uS8OK/SW-cl.82S15AuS8DBA2040S ribosomal protein S15aup-regulated by HBV X protein

Not applicable (no drugs currently target RPS15A directly; experimental knockdown—RNAi—reduces proliferation)