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Target intelligence / Profile preview
5-Hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA)
- Target
- 5-HIAA
- Molecular classification
- Indoleacetic acid derivative, Amine metabolite
01
Overview
5-Hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) is the main catabolic product of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) metabolism and is produced primarily in the liver via the action of monoamine oxidase on serotonin. It is widely present in body fluids, notably urine and cerebrospinal fluid. Measurement of 5-HIAA in urine is critical for diagnosing serotonin-producing carcinoid tumors and reflecting serotonin turnover in various physiological and pathological conditions. As a biomarker, elevated urinary 5-HIAA is associated with carcinoid syndrome, while altered central nervous system levels are linked to a number of neurodegenerative, neuropsychiatric, and inflammatory diseases. 5-HIAA itself is not a receptor, enzyme, or other druggable target, but a stable metabolic end-product of the serotonin pathway.
- Other names
- 5-HIAAHIAA5-hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid2-(5-hydroxy-1H-indol-3-yl)acetic acid5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid5-oxyindoleaceticacidNSC 904325′-HO-IAA
02
Biological functions
End-product in serotonin catabolism/metabolismMarker for serotonin turnover in the body
03
Disease associations
Biomarker for carcinoid tumorsBiomarker (indicator) for sepsis severity, appendicitis, gastroenteritis, neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders, e.g., Alzheimer’s Disease, suicide risk
04
Biomarkers
Used as a urinary or plasma biomarker for serotonin metabolism activityDiagnostic marker for serotonin-secreting neuroendocrine/carcinoid tumorsPrognostic and monitoring biomarker for sepsis severity, neurodegenerative disease, psychiatric disordersMarker for pulmonary hypertension progression (animal models)
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