70S bacterial ribosome (70S ribosome)

The 70S bacterial ribosome is a large ribonucleoprotein complex found in prokaryotes, consisting of a 30S small subunit and a 50S large subunit[7][9]. It is responsible for the translation of messenger RNA (mRNA) into proteins, a central process in cell biology[1][7][9]. The 30S subunit contains 16S rRNA and around 20 proteins, while the 50S subunit contains 23S and 5S rRNAs and approximately 33 proteins[7]. The ribosome features three tRNA binding sites (A, P, E) and serves as the primary target for many clinically important antibiotics, which exploit structural differences between prokaryotic (70S) and eukaryotic (80S) ribosomes to achieve selective inhibition[1][2][6][7]. Structural studies at near-atomic resolution have provided detailed insights into antibiotic binding sites and ribosomal function[1][2][3]. The 70S ribosome is considered a validated therapeutic target, especially in the context of treating bacterial infections and addressing antibiotic resistance[1][2][3].

Other names

bacterial ribosomeprokaryotic ribosome70S ribosomal complex70S ribosomal particle

Inhibition of peptide bond formation; Blockade of ribosome translocation or tRNA binding; Interference with decoding or initiation of mRNA translation