Achromobacter

Achromobacter is a genus of Gram-negative, aerobic, non-fermenting bacilli that are ubiquitous in the environment, particularly in soil and water [Wikipedia]. In a clinical context, Achromobacter species, most notably Achromobacter xylosoxidans, act as opportunistic pathogens that primarily affect individuals with underlying health conditions, such as cystic fibrosis or immunodeficiency [PubMed: 21148519]. These bacteria are characterized by their significant intrinsic and acquired resistance to various classes of antibiotics, including many beta-lactams and aminoglycosides, making infections difficult to treat [Frontiers in Microbiology, 2020]. They are known to form robust biofilms, which protect the bacteria from both the host immune response and antimicrobial therapy [NCBI: PMC3021215]. Consequently, Achromobacter is associated with chronic respiratory infections and healthcare-associated outbreaks, necessitating careful susceptibility testing for effective management [StatPearls]. While not a specific molecular target, the genus represents a critical focus for antimicrobial development due to its increasing prevalence in vulnerable patient populations.

Other names

AchromobacteriumAlcaligenes (formerly)

Antibiotics targeting Achromobacter typically inhibit cell wall synthesis (beta-lactams), protein synthesis (tetracyclines), or DNA gyrase (fluoroquinolones) [StatPearls].