Adaptive Immune System

The adaptive immune system, also known as the acquired or specific immune system, is a subsystem of the overall immune system found in vertebrates. It is composed of highly specialized cells and processes that eliminate specific pathogens and tumor cells. Unlike the innate immune system, which responds to general pathogen-associated patterns, the adaptive immune response is highly specific to particular antigens encountered by the body. Key features include specificity, memory, and diversity. Main components include B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and antigen-presenting cells, as well as molecules like antibodies, T-cell receptors (TCRs), and Major Histocompatibility Complexes (MHC I & II). Adaptive immunity provides long-lasting protection but may malfunction, leading to allergies or autoimmune diseases.

Other names

Acquired ImmunitySpecific Immunity