Adeno-associated virus receptor and glycan receptors (AAVR)

Adeno-associated virus receptor (AAVR), also known as KIAA0319L, is a critical proteinaceous receptor required for the productive infection of multiple adeno-associated virus (AAV) serotypes [1, 3]. It is a type I transmembrane protein characterized by five Polycystin-1, Lipoxygenase, Alpha-Toxin (PLAT) domains, with the PKD2 and PKD3 domains being essential for binding the AAV capsid [1, 4]. Glycan receptors, such as heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPG), sialic acid, and galactose, act as primary attachment factors that facilitate the initial tethering of AAV particles to the cell surface [2, 4]. Together, these molecules determine the tissue tropism and transduction efficiency of AAV-based gene therapy vectors [4]. Understanding the interaction between the AAV capsid and these receptors is vital for engineering next-generation vectors with improved specificity and reduced off-target effects [4]. While AAVR is a universal entry factor for most serotypes, the specific glycan used for attachment varies by serotype, influencing the vector's pharmacological profile [1, 2].

Other names

KIAA0319LKIAA0319-like proteinHeparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG)Sialic acid receptorsGalactose receptorsAAV receptor

Facilitation of viral vector attachment and internalization for receptor-mediated gene delivery [1, 4].