Adhesion G protein-coupled receptor E5 (CD97)

CD97 is a prototypic member of the adhesion class of G protein-coupled receptors characterized by multiple extracellular epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like domains, a GAIN domain, and a seven-transmembrane (TM7) region. It is expressed on hematopoietic, immune, epithelial, muscle, and malignant cells. CD97 interacts with ligands such as CD55 (decay accelerating factor), chondroitin sulfate B, α5β1/αvβ3 integrins, and CD90 (Thy-1), mediating adhesion, migration, and signal transduction. Its role in cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix communication makes it relevant for cancer metastasis, inflammation, and immune regulation. Alternative splicing generates isoforms with 3 to 5 EGF-like domains, resulting in distinct ligand binding properties and tissue-specific functions. Increased CD97 expression is associated with tumor progression, invasion, and metastasis, making it a research focus for therapeutic targeting and disease biomarker development. While experimental monoclonal antibodies (e.g., in mouse models) exist for research, no approved therapeutic drugs directly target CD97 in clinical use as of this review.

Other names

Cluster of differentiation 97BL-AcLeukocyte antigen CD97Seven transmembrane receptorADGRE5

Therapeutic strategies would aim for antibody-mediated inhibition, blocking receptor–ligand interactions, or modulating cell migration and immune activity, but specific clinical mechanisms are not established.