Adhesion G protein-coupled receptor F1 (ADGRF1)

Adhesion G protein-coupled receptor F1 (ADGRF1), also known as G protein-coupled receptor 110 (GPR110), is a member of the adhesion class of GPCRs involved in diverse physiological processes, including immune responses, organ development, and maintenance of cellular homeostasis. It possesses a characteristic seven-transmembrane domain structure and undergoes autoproteolytic cleavage, after which its stalk region acts as a tethered agonist to activate the receptor. ADGRF1 couples to multiple G protein classes (Gs, Gi, and Gq), facilitating pleiotropic signaling. The receptor is functionally important in neural stem cells and has been recognized as an oncogene in several cancer types. It is directly activated by synaptamide, an endogenous lipid ligand that binds to a specific site on the intracellular region of the receptor. The detailed structural mechanism of activation demonstrates unique features compared to other GPCRs, particularly among the adhesion GPCR subclass[1][3].

Other names

GPR110PGR19G protein-coupled receptor 110hGPCR36KPG_012G protein-coupled receptor KPG_012Probable G protein-coupled receptor 110ADGRF1 N-terminal fragmentADGRF1 C-terminal fragment

Tethered agonist activation via the receptor’s own stalk region[1] Ligand-dependent activation by synaptamide (lipid-derived endogenous agonist)[1]