Adhesion G protein-coupled receptor F4 (ADGRF4)

Adhesion G protein-coupled receptor F4 (ADGRF4), also known as GPR115 or PGR18, is a member of the adhesion G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) family, structurally characterized by a large extracellular N-terminus and seven transmembrane domains[1][2][7]. ADGRF4 is an "orphan" receptor, meaning its endogenous ligand is not known, but it can be activated by synthetic peptides derived from related family members[7]. ADGRF4 is classified within the adhesion class (Family VI) of GPCRs and is distinguished from most other AGPCRs by lacking a canonical GPCR autoproteolysis-inducing (GAIN) domain and GPS motif, which means it does not undergo autoproteolysis like classical AGPCRs[2]. In mouse models, this receptor is implicated in proper enamel mineralization by ameloblasts, but knockout does not cause general developmental anomalies, and its role in human disease is not well defined[1][7]. Rare associations have been made with complex cortical dysplasia, but its physiological ligand, pharmacology, and implications as a drug target remain poorly characterized[1][7].

Other names

GPR115PGR18FLJ38076probable G-protein coupled receptor 115G-protein coupled receptor PGR18

No approved or well-characterized drugs; agonist activity demonstrated for synthetic peptides derived from the "Stachel sequence" of ADGRF5, indicating capacity for G protein (Gq/G11) signaling[7]