Adhesion G protein-coupled receptor L2 (ADGRL2)

Adhesion G protein-coupled receptor L2 (ADGRL2, also known as Latrophilin-2 or LPHN2) is a member of the adhesion GPCR family, characterized by an extensive extracellular region with protein domains involved in cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions. Like other adhesion GPCRs, ADGRL2 features a conserved GAIN (GPCR-Autoproteolysis INducing) domain that mediates autoproteolytic cleavage at a GPS (GPCR-proteolytic site), yielding an extracellular and a membrane-spanning subunit that remain associated on the cell surface. ADGRL2 is considered an orphan receptor with no known endogenous ligand or targeted drug; its major attributed function is mediating synapse specificity and possibly influencing cell adhesion, migration, and signaling. Adhesion GPCRs, as a class, are implicated in neuronal development, immune system function, and cancer biology—though the specific physiological and pathological roles of ADGRL2 remain less well defined due to limited functional studies. Family members can activate a variety of G protein signaling pathways, but precise downstream effects for ADGRL2 are not established.

Other names

Latrophilin-2LPHN2G protein-coupled receptor 144

Not established due to orphan status; general adhesion GPCR mechanism involves ligand-induced conformational change leading to G protein signaling. Family members utilize cAMP and RhoA pathways.