Adipogenesis and fat metabolism

Adipogenesis and fat metabolism refer to the physiological processes governing the development of adipose tissue and the biochemical pathways of lipid synthesis and degradation. Adipogenesis is the differentiation of preadipocytes into mature adipocytes, primarily driven by the master transcriptional regulator Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-gamma) [1]. Fat metabolism encompasses lipogenesis, the creation of triglycerides for energy storage, and lipolysis, the breakdown of fats into fatty acids and glycerol during energy deficit [2]. These processes are essential for maintaining systemic energy homeostasis and are regulated by various hormones, including insulin and glucagon. Pathological alterations in these pathways are fundamental to the development of obesity, insulin resistance, and metabolic syndrome [3]. Pharmacological strategies often target specific enzymes or receptors within these pathways, such as PPAR-gamma or lipase enzymes, to manage metabolic diseases [4].

Other names

Adipocyte differentiationLipogenesisLipolysisLipid metabolismFatty acid metabolism

Drugs modulate these processes by activating nuclear receptors (e.g., PPAR-gamma agonists), inhibiting gastric and pancreatic lipases (e.g., Orlistat), or mimicking incretin hormones to regulate appetite and lipid storage (e.g., GLP-1 receptor agonists) [4,5].