Adiponectin receptor 1 and Adiponectin receptor 2 (AdipoR1/AdipoR2)

Adiponectin receptor 1 (AdipoR1) and Adiponectin receptor 2 (AdipoR2) are seven-transmembrane receptors that mediate the metabolic and anti-inflammatory effects of adiponectin, an adipokine primarily secreted by adipose tissue [4, 12]. Unlike classical G protein-coupled receptors, these receptors possess an inverted topology with an intracellular N-terminus and an extracellular C-terminus [4, 9]. AdipoR1 is ubiquitously expressed but most abundant in skeletal muscle, where it primarily activates the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway to enhance glucose uptake and fatty acid oxidation [10, 12]. AdipoR2 is predominantly expressed in the liver and signals through the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPAR-alpha) pathway to promote lipid catabolism and reduce oxidative stress [6, 10]. Together, they play a critical role in maintaining insulin sensitivity and energy homeostasis, and their downregulation is strongly linked to type 2 diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular diseases [1, 16]. Therapeutic strategies focus on developing small-molecule agonists, such as AdipoRon, to mimic adiponectin's beneficial effects and restore metabolic function [8, 10].

Other names

PAQR1PAQR2ACDCR1CGI-45TESBP1AProgestin and adipoQ receptor family member 1Progestin and adipoQ receptor family member 2

Agonism of AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 to activate AMPK and PPAR-alpha signaling pathways and stimulate ceramidase activity