Adiponectin secretion mediators

Adiponectin secretion mediators refer to a complex network of proteins and signaling pathways that regulate the production, assembly, and release of the insulin-sensitizing hormone adiponectin from white adipose tissue (Wang & Scherer, 2016). Key molecular components include endoplasmic reticulum (ER) resident proteins such as Disulfide-bond A oxidoreductase-like protein (DsbA-L), ERp44, and Endoplasmic reticulum oxidoreductase 1-alpha (Ero1-Lα), which facilitate the multimerization of adiponectin into its bioactive high-molecular-weight (HMW) forms (Liu et al., 2008; Wang et al., 2007). These mediators are critical because adiponectin must undergo extensive post-translational modifications and oligomerization within the ER before it can be successfully secreted into the circulation. In metabolic diseases like obesity and type 2 diabetes, the expression or activity of these mediators is often impaired, leading to hypoadiponectinemia and subsequent systemic insulin resistance. Therapeutic agents such as thiazolidinediones (TZDs) enhance adiponectin secretion primarily by activating the transcription factor PPAR-gamma, which upregulates the expression of both adiponectin and its associated secretory machinery (Maeda et al., 2001). Other factors, including Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 (FGF21) and SIRT1, also modulate these mediators to improve metabolic profiles. Understanding these mediators is essential for developing treatments that specifically target the adipocyte-to-systemic signaling axis to combat metabolic syndrome.

Other names

Adiponectin regulatory proteinsAdiponectin secretory machineryAdiponectin-modulating factors

Activation of PPAR-gamma to increase transcription of adiponectin and its secretory chaperones; modulation of ER-resident proteins to facilitate multimerization and release.