Adipose precursor cells – G-CSF and CXCL3 secretion pathway (APC-GCSF-CXCL3 pathway)

The Adipose precursor cells – G-CSF and CXCL3 secretion pathway is a specialized paracrine signaling mechanism within the wound microenvironment that regulates the transition from inflammation to tissue repair (Oneness Biotech, 2022). Adipose precursor cells (APCs), or preadipocytes, are induced to produce and secrete Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor (G-CSF) and C-X-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 3 (CXCL3), which collectively act on local macrophages (JID Innovations, 2022). This signaling axis promotes the polarization of macrophages from a pro-inflammatory M1 phenotype to a reparative M2 phenotype, a process that is often stalled in chronic conditions like diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) (JAMA Network Open, 2021). By rebalancing the M1/M2 ratio, the pathway facilitates essential healing processes including collagen synthesis, angiogenesis, and re-epithelialization. The botanical drug ON101 (Fespixon) is the primary therapeutic agent designed to activate this pathway, showing significant efficacy in clinical trials for difficult-to-heal ulcers (Oneness Biotech, 2023). Understanding this pathway provides insights into how stromal-immune crosstalk can be leveraged to overcome chronic inflammatory barriers in regenerative medicine.

Other names

APC-mediated G-CSF/CXCL3 secretionPreadipocyte-derived G-CSF/CXCL3 axisON101 mechanism of action

Stimulation of adipose precursor cells to secrete G-CSF and CXCL3, which promotes the polarization of macrophages from the pro-inflammatory M1 phenotype to the reparative M2 phenotype.