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Advanced Glycation End-Product Cross-links
- Molecular classification
- Protein-protein adduct, Protein-lipid adduct, Protein-nucleic acid adduct
01
Overview
Advanced glycation end-product (AGE) cross-links are stable, covalent bonds formed between proteins, lipids or nucleic acids as a result of nonenzymatic reactions with reducing sugars. This process, known as glycation, leads to the formation of AGEs that accumulate in tissues over time, especially in long-lived proteins such as collagen. AGE cross-linking is a hallmark of aging and is accelerated under hyperglycemic conditions such as diabetes. They increase stiffness and brittleness of tissues, reduce flexibility and elasticity, and trigger inflammatory signaling pathways. Therapeutic strategies target AGE formation, break existing cross-links, or block AGE receptor interaction.
- Other names
- AGE cross-linksAGEsGlycation end productsMaillard reaction products
02
Mechanism of action
Preventing AGE formation, breaking existing AGE cross-links, or blocking interaction with RAGE.
03
Biological functions
Extracellular matrix organizationTissue structure maintenanceCell signaling (via RAGE)Inflammation
04
Disease associations
AgingDiabetes complicationsCardiovascular diseaseAtherosclerosisVascular stiffeningImpaired wound healing
05
Safety considerations
Non-specific effects of AGE-breaking agentsPotential for off-target effects of RAGE inhibitorsLong-term efficacy and safety of AGE-targeting therapies
06
Biomarkers
GlucosepanePentosidineCMLCELPyrraline
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