Age-related NADH oxidase (arNOX)

Age-related NADH oxidase (arNOX) is a cell surface-located enzyme belonging to the ECTO-NOX (ENOX) family of proteins, specifically identified as ENOX3. Unlike constitutive ENOX1 or tumor-associated ENOX2, arNOX activity is uniquely characterized by its ability to generate superoxide radicals at the external cell surface. This activity typically emerges around age 30 and increases linearly with age, peaking between 55 and 65 years. The superoxide generated by arNOX contributes significantly to oxidative damage in the skin, leading to the cross-linking of collagen and elastin, and is also implicated in the oxidation of circulating low-density lipoproteins (LDL), thereby promoting atherogenesis. arNOX is shed from the cell surface into various body fluids, including saliva, serum, and perspiration, where its activity can be measured as a biomarker of biological aging. Therapeutic strategies targeting arNOX primarily involve the use of antioxidants and specific inhibitors, such as Coenzyme Q10 and various botanical extracts, to mitigate its pro-oxidant effects. While primarily discussed in the context of anti-aging skincare and cardiovascular prevention, arNOX represents a novel target for interventions aimed at reducing age-related oxidative stress.

Other names

ENOX3Age-related ECTO-NOX proteinAge-related cell surface NADH oxidaseEcto-NOX disulfide-thiol exchanger 3Age-related NOX

Inhibition of superoxide generation and competitive inhibition of NADH/hydroquinone oxidase activity