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Target intelligence / Profile preview
Alcohol Dehydrogenase (ADH)
- Target
- ADH
- Molecular classification
- Enzyme, Oxidoreductase
01
Overview
Alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) is a group of enzymes that catalyze the reversible oxidation of alcohols to aldehydes or ketones, primarily using the coenzyme nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+). In humans and many other organisms, ADH plays a central role in metabolizing ethanol and other alcohols. It is the primary enzyme responsible for metabolizing ethanol consumed in the diet, converting it into acetaldehyde—a toxic intermediate. Genetic polymorphisms affect individual rates of alcohol metabolism, with high activity variants increasing acetaldehyde production rate.
02
Mechanism of action
Catalyzes the reversible oxidation of alcohols to aldehydes or ketones, using NAD+ as a cofactor.
03
Biological functions
Ethanol metabolismAlcohol metabolismSteroid metabolismRetinoid metabolismXenobiotic metabolismDetoxification
04
Disease associations
Alcoholic liver diseaseCancerFetal alcohol syndromeCardiovascular diseaseGoutAsthma
05
Safety considerations
Acetaldehyde toxicityIncreased risk for certain cancers with high activity variants
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