Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member D1 (AKR1D1)

Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member D1 (AKR1D1) is a human enzyme that catalyzes the NADPH-dependent reduction of the C4-C5 double bond of bile acid intermediates and steroid hormones carrying a delta(4)-3-one structure, which is a crucial step in the biosynthesis of bile acids and the metabolism of steroid hormones. This stereospecific reduction results in a cis A/B ring junction, critical for the formation of biologically active bile acids. The enzyme is primarily expressed in the liver and is essential for maintaining steroid hormone and bile acid homeostasis. Genetic defects in AKR1D1 cause congenital bile acid synthesis disorders and may contribute to hepatic dysfunction and metabolic diseases such as diabetes.

Other names

3-oxo-5-beta-steroid 4-dehydrogenaseDelta(4)-3-oxosteroid 5-beta-reductaseDelta(4)-3-ketosteroid 5-beta-reductaseSRD5B13-oxo-Δ4-steroid 5β-reductase3-oxo-5β-steroid 4-dehydrogenaseAKR1D1 (gene symbol)

Inhibition or modulation of AKR1D1 activity alters the reduction of steroid hormones and bile acid intermediates, affecting steroid metabolism and bile acid biosynthesis.