ALK, ROS1, MET

Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), ROS proto-oncogene 1 receptor tyrosine kinase (ROS1), and MET proto-oncogene receptor tyrosine kinase (MET) are single-pass transmembrane proteins with intrinsic tyrosine kinase activity. All three play important roles in cellular signaling pathways controlling proliferation, differentiation, and survival. Genetic alterations in these genes—including fusions, amplifications, and mutations—are oncogenic drivers in several malignancies, most notably subsets of non-small cell lung cancer. Crizotinib and other tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) targeting these receptors have demonstrated substantial clinical activity. Resistance to these agents can arise via secondary mutations in the kinase domain or activation of bypass signaling pathways, underscoring the need for continued molecular testing and therapy optimization[1][2][3].

Other names

CD246anaplastic lymphoma kinaseROS1MCF3c-ros oncogene 1c-Methepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR)MET

Inhibition of kinase activity: Small-molecule inhibitors bind the ATP-binding site or allosteric pockets, preventing receptor autophosphorylation and downstream signaling, thus inhibiting cell proliferation and survival