Allergen-specific B-cell receptor and T-cell receptor (Allergen-specific BCR/TCR)

Allergen-specific B-cell receptors (BCRs) and T-cell receptors (TCRs) are the primary molecular determinants of allergic sensitization and the subsequent inflammatory cascade. BCRs are membrane-bound immunoglobulins that recognize conformational epitopes on allergens, initiating B-cell differentiation into IgE-secreting plasma cells (Source: PubMed, PMID: 30102903). TCRs, conversely, recognize linear allergen peptides presented by MHC molecules on antigen-presenting cells, primarily directing the Th2-cell polarization that characterizes atopic diseases (Source: NIH, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases). These receptors are central to the pathogenesis of conditions like allergic rhinitis, asthma, and life-threatening anaphylaxis. Therapeutic interventions, such as allergen immunotherapy (AIT), work by modulating the signaling and frequency of these receptor-bearing cells to favor immune tolerance over hypersensitivity (Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 2020). Emerging precision medicines, including allergen-specific CAR-T and CAR-B cell therapies, are being developed to selectively eliminate the pathogenic lymphocyte clones expressing these specific receptors (Source: Frontiers in Immunology, 2021).

Other names

Allergen-reactive B-cell receptorAllergen-reactive T-cell receptorAntigen-specific lymphocyte receptorIgE-BCRAllergen-specific TCR

Induction of immune tolerance, desensitization of effector cells, shifting T-cell polarization from Th2 to Treg/Th1, and targeted depletion or modulation of allergen-specific lymphocyte clones.