Allergen-specific components from Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and Lepidoglyphus destructor mites (HDM/SM Allergens)

Allergen-specific components from Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and Lepidoglyphus destructor mites are the primary antigenic proteins responsible for triggering IgE-mediated hypersensitivity in sensitized individuals (Thomas et al., 2010 [1]). These components include major allergens such as Der p 1, a cysteine protease that disrupts epithelial tight junctions, and Der p 2 and Lep d 2, which belong to the NPC2 family and facilitate lipid-mediated immune signaling (Gafvelin et al., 2001 [2]). In clinical medicine, these allergens serve as the active pharmaceutical ingredients in allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT), which is the only disease-modifying treatment for mite-induced respiratory allergies (Akdis & Akdis, 2014 [3]). The therapeutic goal of administering these components is to shift the immune response from a Th2-dominated inflammatory state to a state of immune tolerance. This is achieved through the induction of regulatory T cells (Tregs) and the production of allergen-specific IgG4 antibodies, which act as "blocking" antibodies to prevent IgE-mediated mast cell degranulation (Shamji & Durham, 2017 [4]). Monitoring the efficacy of treatments targeting these allergens typically involves assessing changes in allergen-specific IgE and IgG4 levels, as well as clinical improvements in symptoms of allergic rhinitis and asthma (Zidarn et al., 2012 [5]). Safety concerns during treatment include the risk of systemic allergic reactions or anaphylaxis, necessitating administration under medical supervision.

Other names

Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus allergensLepidoglyphus destructor allergensHouse dust mite and storage mite allergensDer p 1Der p 2Lep d 2Mite allergen extracts

Induction of peripheral T-cell tolerance, promotion of regulatory T-cell (Treg) expansion, and stimulation of allergen-specific IgG4 blocking antibodies that inhibit IgE-mediated mast cell degranulation.