Alloreactive host antigen

Alloreactive host antigens are cell-surface or intracellular peptides derived from polymorphic genes differing between donor and host, most notably minor histocompatibility antigens presented by MHC molecules. In the setting of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, these antigens are recognized by donor T cells, potentially mediating both harmful graft-versus-host disease and beneficial graft-versus-leukemia/tumor effects. The continued expression of these antigens on residual host hematopoietic or tumor cells makes them targets for immunotherapeutic strategies, but challenges remain due to their polymorphic and patient-specific nature as well as the risk of damaging healthy tissues through alloreactivity[1][2][3][4][5]. **Note:** - There is no singular, clearly defined molecular entity or abbreviation for this "target." - The entry describes a broad antigenic class relevant to transplantation immunology, not a specific receptor, enzyme, or molecule. - Typical molecular examples include minor histocompatibility antigens such as HA-1 and HA-2[1]. - The field includes highly diverse and individualized targets, which poses a therapeutic and classification challenge.

Other names

Minor histocompatibility antigenmHAhost alloantigenalloantigen

Targeting donor T cells to recognize and eliminate host cells expressing alloreactive antigens (graft-versus-leukemia effect); Suppression or modulation of T cell activation to prevent or treat graft-versus-host disease