Alpha-1-acid glycoprotein 1 (ORM1)

Alpha-1-acid glycoprotein 1 (ORM1), also known as orosomucoid 1, is a highly glycosylated acute phase plasma protein primarily synthesized in the liver and encoded by the ORM1 gene[1][2][4]. It is a member of the lipocalin protein family and functions mainly as a transporter for basic and neutral lipophilic drugs in the bloodstream, impacting their pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics[1][2][4][5]. ORM1 levels increase in response to acute inflammation, making it an acute-phase reactant and important biomarker. While its precise physiological functions are not fully defined, ORM1 has been implicated in immunomodulation, regulation of cytokine production, and protection against tissue injury during inflammation[1][4][5][6]. Additionally, alterations in its plasma concentration and glycosylation pattern are observed in various pathophysiological states, including inflammatory diseases, infection, cancer, and cardiovascular disorders. ORM1 interacts with a range of therapeutic drugs, influencing their effectiveness and safety, and constitutes an important clinical biomarker for several diseases and outcomes[1][2][6].

Other names

Orosomucoid 1AGP1AGP 1OMD 1A1AG1Orosomucoid-1AGP-AHEL-S-153wORMalpha-1-acid glycoprotein 1epididymis secretory sperm binding protein Li 153wORM1

Binding and transport of basic/neutral drugs in plasma, affecting drug distribution and pharmacokinetics Modulating drug availability and free (active) concentration by high-affinity binding, particularly to basic drugs[1][2][6]