Molecular Classification
Single-pass transmembrane protein, Co-receptor, Hormone (soluble form)
Other Names
Klotho, KL
Disease Roles
Alpha-Klotho Overview
Alpha-Klotho (α-Klotho) is a transmembrane protein with a secreted soluble form, playing crucial roles in mineral metabolism, aging, and cellular protection. As a co-receptor for FGF23, it regulates phosphate and vitamin D metabolism in the kidneys. Its deficiency is linked to premature aging and kidney disease, making it a potential therapeutic target.
Mechanism of Action
Acts as a co-receptor for FGF23, modulating downstream signaling pathways involved in phosphate regulation, vitamin D metabolism, and other cellular processes. Soluble form interacts with FGFRs and TGF-beta receptors.
Biological Functions
FGF23 co-receptor activity
Mineral homeostasis (calcium and phosphate regulation)
Aging suppression
Cellular protection against oxidative stress
Inhibition of apoptosis
Promotion of angiogenesis
Wnt signaling modulation
Metabolic regulation
Regulation of inflammation
Reduction of fibrosis
Enhancement of autophagy
Improvement of insulin sensitivity
Antioxidant effects
Disease Associations
Premature aging syndromes
Disturbed calcium/phosphate homeostasis
Chronic kidney disease
Metabolic bone disorders
Safety Considerations
- Potential for off-target effects due to broad interaction with FGFRs and TGF-beta receptors
- Complex pleiotropic effects requiring careful consideration in therapeutic applications
Associated Biomarkers
Biomarker |
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Soluble α-Klotho levels in blood/urine |