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Epithelial Sodium Channel (ENaC)
- Target
- ENaC
- Molecular classification
- Ion channel, Degenerin/epithelial sodium channel family
01
Overview
The epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) is a membrane-bound ion channel that is highly selective for sodium ions (Na+). It plays a crucial role in the regulation of sodium balance, extracellular fluid volume, and blood pressure by mediating the reabsorption of sodium across epithelial tissues. ENaC is typically assembled as a heterotrimer composed of three homologous subunits: alpha (α), beta (β), and gamma (γ). Dysregulation or mutation in ENaC components leads to several diseases, including Liddle’s syndrome and Pseudohypoaldosteronism type 1. Targeting ENaCs has therapeutic potential for hypertension and pulmonary disorders.
- Other names
- Amiloride-sensitive sodium channel
02
Mechanism of action
Amiloride blocks Na+ transport through ENaC channels.
03
Biological functions
Sodium reabsorptionRegulation of fluid/electrolyte balanceRegulation of extracellular fluid volumeBlood pressure regulationAirway surface liquid composition regulationSalt taste perception
04
Disease associations
HypertensionSalt wastingHypotensionCystic fibrosis-related lung diseasePulmonary edemaChronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
05
Safety considerations
Electrolyte imbalances
06
Interacting drugs
Amiloride
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