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Amino Acid Post-Translational Modifications

Molecular classification: Post-translational modification, Protein modification

Overview

Amino acid post-translational modifications (PTMs) are chemical modifications that occur on amino acid residues within a protein after it has been synthesized. These modifications play a critical role in regulating protein structure, function, localization, stability, and interactions within the cell. Common PTMs include phosphorylation, glycosylation, acetylation, methylation, ubiquitination, SUMOylation, lipidation, and disulfide bond formation. Virtually all 20 standard amino acids can be modified, often in multiple distinct ways depending on the biological context.

Other names: Protein modificationsPTMs

Biological functions

Regulation of protein functionRegulation of protein localizationRegulation of protein interactionsRegulation of protein stabilitySignal transductionGene expressionChromatin structureProtein degradation

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CancerInflammationNeurodegenerative diseaseCardiovascular diseaseInfectionOther

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