AML1-ETO neoantigen peptide–MHC complex

The AML1-ETO neoantigen peptide–MHC complex refers to a human leukocyte antigen (HLA, or MHC) molecule on the surface of a cell presenting a peptide derived from the AML1-ETO fusion protein, which is produced as a result of the t(8;21) chromosomal translocation found in a subset of acute myeloid leukemia. The fusion protein acts as an aberrant transcription factor, promoting leukemogenesis through transcriptional repression and altered gene expression, particularly inhibiting differentiation of hematopoietic cells. Peptides unique to the AML1-ETO fusion can be presented on MHC class I or II molecules, making the resulting peptide–MHC complex a candidate neoantigen for targeted immunotherapies such as vaccines or T cell therapies. This immunotherapeutic approach is investigational since the peptide–MHC complex is not a structurally defined target like a classical cell-surface receptor but represents a composite target specifically relevant for cancer immunotherapy in the context of the patient's HLA type and tumor genotype.

Other names

AML1-ETO fusion neoantigen–MHC complexRUNX1-RUNX1T1 neoantigen peptide–MHC complext(8;21) fusion neoantigen–MHC complex

Recognition and killing of cancer cells by T cells specific for the neoantigen–MHC complex