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AMP-Activated Protein Kinase Catalytic Subunit Alpha 1 (AMPK α1)
- Target
- AMPK α1
- Molecular classification
- Enzyme, Protein Kinase, Serine/Threonine Kinase
01
Overview
AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) α1, encoded by the PRKAA1 gene, is a catalytic subunit of the heterotrimeric AMPK complex, a central regulator of cellular energy homeostasis. It is activated by increases in the AMP/ATP or ADP/ATP ratio during energy stress. AMPK functions to restore cellular energy balance by upregulating catabolic pathways and downregulating anabolic pathways. Dysregulation or mutation in PRKAA1/AMPKα₁ has been implicated in several diseases, including type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular diseases and neurodegenerative disorders. Some anti-diabetic drugs like metformin exert effects partly via indirect activation of AMPK.
- Other names
- PRKAA1protein kinase AMP‐activated catalytic subunit alpha‐one
02
Mechanism of action
Activation via phosphorylation at threonine-172, allosteric regulation through AMP/ADP binding
03
Biological functions
Energy homeostasis regulationMetabolic regulationAutophagy regulationRegulation of fatty acid oxidation/synthesisMitochondrial biogenesis regulationGlucose uptake regulation
04
Disease associations
Type 2 diabetes mellitusMetabolic syndromeCardiovascular diseasesNeurodegenerative disorders
05
Interacting drugs
Metformin
1 more in the full profile.
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