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Target intelligence / Profile preview
Amyloid-beta A4 protein (APP)
- Target
- APP
- Molecular classification
- Type I transmembrane glycoprotein, Cell surface receptor
01
Overview
Amyloid-beta A4 protein, also known as amyloid-beta precursor protein (APP), is a type I transmembrane glycoprotein functioning as a cell surface receptor. It participates in neuronal development, synaptic formation, and cellular adhesion. APP's proteolytic processing leads to amyloid-beta (Aβ) peptides, which form plaques in Alzheimer's disease. It interacts with other proteins to affect transcription, Notch signaling, apoptosis, and axonal transport. Cleavage by β-secretase and γ-secretase results in Aβ40/Aβ42 peptides that aggregate and induce neurotoxicity, especially Aβ42 which exhibits higher aggregation.
- Other names
- Amyloid beta precursor proteinAPPPreA4APPI
02
Mechanism of action
Modulation of APP processing to reduce Aβ production or aggregation; Enhancement of Aβ clearance; Inhibition of secretase activity
03
Biological functions
Cell surface receptor activityNeurite growthNeuronal adhesionSynaptogenesisAxonogenesisCell mobilityTranscription regulationCopper homeostasisOxidative stress regulation
04
Disease associations
Alzheimer's diseaseDown syndrome
05
Safety considerations
Potential for off-target effects due to broad expression of APPRisk of disrupting normal APP functionChallenges in selectively targeting pathogenic Aβ species
06
Biomarkers
Amyloid-beta levels in cerebrospinal fluidAmyloid plaques in brain imaging
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