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Amyloid-beta Precursor Protein (None)
- Target
- None
- Molecular classification
- Single-pass type I transmembrane glycoprotein, Receptor
01
Overview
Amyloid-beta precursor protein (APP) is a large, single-pass transmembrane glycoprotein highly expressed in the central nervous system, particularly at neuronal synapses. It functions as a cell surface receptor and has been implicated in several physiological processes, including synapse formation, neural plasticity, antimicrobial activity, iron export, neurite growth, and neuronal adhesion. APP is best known for its role as the precursor for amyloid-beta (Aβ) peptides, which aggregate into plaques in Alzheimer's disease. Therapeutic strategies targeting APP aim to modulate its processing or Aβ clearance to prevent or treat Alzheimer's disease.
- Other names
- APPAmyloid precursor proteinAPPICerebral vascular amyloid peptideCVAPAlzheimer disease amyloid protein
02
Mechanism of action
Modulating cleavage by secretases; affecting APP expression/splicing; promoting Aβ clearance
03
Biological functions
Synapse formationNeural plasticityAntimicrobial activityIron exportNeurite growthNeuronal adhesionRegulation of neural growth and repairPromotion of neurite outgrowth and cell adhesionModulation of synaptic plasticity
04
Disease associations
Alzheimer's diseaseCerebral Amyloid AngiopathyDown Syndrome
05
Safety considerations
Off-target effects of secretase inhibitorsPotential for exacerbating other neurodegenerative processesComplex and pleiotropic functions of APP requiring careful consideration in therapeutic targeting
06
Biomarkers
Amyloid-beta levels in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)Amyloid-beta plaques in brain imaging (PET scans)
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