Angiogenesis-related extracellular targets

Angiogenesis-related extracellular targets represent a broad category of secreted proteins and signaling molecules that reside in the extracellular space and govern the formation of new blood vessels. The primary mediator in this group is Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF), which stimulates endothelial cell proliferation and increases vascular permeability [Ferrara N, Nature Medicine, 2003]. Other critical members include Angiopoietins, which modulate vessel stability, and Fibroblast Growth Factors (FGFs), which support various stages of the angiogenic process [Saharinen P, et al., Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, 2017]. In pathological conditions such as solid tumors and neovascular age-related macular degeneration, these factors are often overexpressed, leading to the development of dysfunctional and leaky vasculature that promotes disease progression [Hanahan D, Weinberg RA, Cell, 2011]. Therapeutic strategies targeting these extracellular molecules typically utilize monoclonal antibodies or decoy receptors to neutralize the ligands before they can activate their respective cell-surface receptors. This approach has become a cornerstone in treating several cancers and retinal diseases, although challenges such as drug resistance and systemic toxicities like hypertension remain significant clinical considerations [Jayson GC, et al., The Lancet, 2016].

Other names

Pro-angiogenic factorsExtracellular angiogenic regulatorsAngiogenic ligandsAngiogenesis factors

Neutralization of circulating pro-angiogenic ligands (e.g., VEGF, Ang-2, PlGF) to prevent binding and activation of their respective cell-surface receptors, thereby inhibiting downstream signaling pathways involved in endothelial cell proliferation, migration, and survival [Ferrara N, et al., Nature Reviews Drug Discovery, 2016; Saharinen P, et al., Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, 2017].