Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptor (ACE2 receptor (or ACE2))

Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptor is a membrane-bound zinc metallocarboxypeptidase that functions fundamentally as a regulator within the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system, converting angiotensin II into the vasodilatory peptide angiotensin (1-7) and thereby exerting protective roles in the cardiovascular, renal, and pulmonary systems[1][4][5][6]. The protein is expressed in multiple organs, notably the lungs, heart, kidneys, and intestines. In addition to its enzymatic function, ACE2 serves as the cellular entry receptor for several coronaviruses, most importantly SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2, establishing it as both a physiological regulator and a pathophysiological viral receptor[1][3][4][7]. Therapeutically, modulation of ACE2 activity is under investigation for treating cardiovascular, renal, and pulmonary diseases, as well as viral infections[2][6]. Safety concerns include potential enhancement of viral entry and the need to maintain physiological balance of angiotensin peptides[1][2][4][5][6].

Other names

ACE2angiotensin-converting enzyme 2ACE2 receptorhACE2 (human ACE2)

Enzyme inhibition or activation to modify angiotensin II/angiotensin (1-7) balance; Blocking viral entry by interfering with spike protein-ACE2 interaction; Supplementation or activation of protective angiotensin pathways