Ankyrin repeat domain-containing protein 55 (ANKRD55)

Ankyrin repeat domain-containing protein 55 (ANKRD55) is a nuclear protein that plays a significant role in autoimmune diseases, particularly multiple sclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis[1][3]. The protein contains ankyrin repeat domains, which are common protein-protein interaction platforms, allowing ANKRD55 to function in complex with other proteins[2]. ANKRD55 produces three different messenger RNA transcripts, with genetic variants associated with multiple sclerosis greatly increasing their production specifically in CD4+ T cells[1]. The protein localizes to nuclear speckles and is involved in various cellular processes including mitosis, likely through effects on mitotic spindle dynamics[2]. ANKRD55 is regulated by phosphorylation and interacts with numerous cellular proteins including 14-3-3 proteins, ribosomal proteins, cohesins, and tubulin isoforms[2]. In immune cells, ANKRD55 expression is modulated during monocyte-to-dendritic cell differentiation and is influenced by cytokines such as IL-4, GM-CSF, and retinoic acid agonists[3]. The protein appears to play a fundamental role in immune cell regulation, particularly in the deregulation of CD4+ T cells observed in multiple sclerosis, making it an important player in neuroinflammation processes[1]. Risk alleles of single nucleotide polymorphisms in the ANKRD55 gene are associated with higher expression levels in immune cells and increased susceptibility to autoimmune disorders[3].

Other names

ANKRD55FLJ11795ankyrin repeat domain 55ankyrin repeat domain-containing protein 55ANR55_HUMAN