Anoctamin-10 (ANO10)

Anoctamin-10 (ANO10) is a member of the anoctamin/TMEM16 family of transmembrane proteins, predominantly localized in the endoplasmic reticulum and involved in calcium-activated chloride channel and phospholipid scramblase activities. It is highly expressed in the brain—especially in the cortex and cerebellum—as well as in certain epithelial tissues. ANO10's functions include contributing to calcium-dependent ionic homeostasis and mediating endosomal transport, spindle assembly, and cell signaling. Mutations in ANO10 cause autosomal recessive spinocerebellar ataxia type 10 (SCAR10), characterized by progressive cerebellar dysfunction and various neurological symptoms. While no drugs currently target ANO10 directly, its function as an ER-resident scramblase and ion channel makes it a candidate molecular target for the study and treatment of neurodegenerative disease. Key distinctions and clarifications: - Among the multiple synonyms, "Anoctamin-10 (ANO10)" is the most accurate canonical form, while "TMEM16K" is widely used in the structure/function literature. - The principal molecular classification is ion channel and lipid scramblase, distinguishing it from exclusively ion channels (e.g., ANO1, ANO2) and exclusively scramblases (ANO3, ANO4, etc.). - Disease association is strongest for autosomal recessive spinocerebellar ataxia type 10 (SCAR10), confirmed by genetic and functional data. Current literature does not report any approved or investigational drugs directly targeting ANO10, nor established safety profiles for such interventions.

Other names

TMEM16KSCAR10Transmembrane protein 16KFLJ10375MGC47890anoctamin-10

For hypothetical targeting agents (not currently available): Inhibition or activation of chloride channel activity; Modulation of phospholipid scrambling; Regulation of ER calcium signaling