Anti-inflammatory activity via omega-3 fatty acids

Omega-3 fatty acids exert anti-inflammatory activity through incorporation into cell membranes, displacing arachidonic acid, and altering the production of lipid mediators. Specifically, omega-3 fatty acids (particularly EPA and DHA) lead to the formation of specialized pro-resolving mediators such as resolvins, protectins, and maresins, which help to actively resolve inflammation. They also suppress the synthesis of pro-inflammatory eicosanoids, reduce the expression of adhesion molecules and pro-inflammatory cytokines, and modulate immune cell activity. These actions have demonstrated therapeutic value in conditions characterized by chronic inflammation, such as rheumatoid arthritis, cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders, though the precise efficacy and optimal applications remain the subject of ongoing research[1][2][3][4][5][6][7].

Other names

Omega-3 fatty acids anti-inflammatory pathwayn-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) anti-inflammatory activity

Production of anti-inflammatory and inflammation-resolving lipid mediators (resolvins, protectins, maresins)[1][5] Decreased synthesis of pro-inflammatory eicosanoids from arachidonic acid[1][6][7] Suppression of pro-inflammatory cytokine production (e.g., via NFκB pathway)[1][5] Reduced leukocyte chemotaxis and adhesion molecule expression[1][6][7]