Antibody-coated cancer cells recognized by mismatched donor T cells

Antibody-coated cancer cells recognized by mismatched donor T cells refers to a therapeutic strategy where monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are used to opsonize tumor cells, making them targets for destruction by allogeneic (mismatched) donor immune cells. This mechanism primarily leverages Antibody-Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity (ADCC), where the Fc portion of the antibody bound to the cancer cell is recognized by the Fc gamma receptor IIIa (CD16a) expressed on effector cells such as natural killer (NK) cells and specific subsets of T cells (e.g., γδ T cells or IL-2 activated αβ T cells) [1, 6]. In the context of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) or donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI), the HLA mismatch between the donor cells and the recipient's tumor provides a potent alloreactive stimulus that can overcome tumor-induced immunosuppression and enhance the Graft-versus-Tumor (GVT) effect [6, 10]. Drugs interacting with this target system include established antibodies like rituximab, trastuzumab, and daratumumab, which provide the tumor-specific coating necessary for recognition [6, 11]. This approach aims to combine the precision of targeted monoclonal antibodies with the powerful, non-tolerant immune activation of allogeneic cell therapy to achieve durable tumor clearance [6, 12].

Other names

Fc gamma receptor IIIaCD16aFCGR3ACD16Low affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc receptor III-AAntibody-mediated graft-versus-tumor effectMismatched donor lymphocyte recognition of opsonized tumor cells

Antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) mediated by Fc gamma receptor IIIa (CD16a) on allogeneic effector cells and enhancement of the graft-versus-tumor (GVT) effect.