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Antibody-Dependent Cell-Mediated Cytotoxicity Effector Cells
- Molecular classification
- Immune cells, Natural Killer cells, Macrophages, Monocytes, Neutrophils, Eosinophils
01
Overview
Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) effector cells are immune cells that mediate the destruction of antibody-coated target cells. These cells, primarily NK cells, macrophages, monocytes, neutrophils, and eosinophils, recognize and bind to the Fc region of antibodies bound to target cells via Fc receptors (e.g., FcγRIIIa/CD16). This interaction triggers the release of cytotoxic molecules, leading to target cell lysis or apoptosis. ADCC is crucial for immune defense against infected or malignant cells and is a key mechanism of action for many therapeutic antibodies.
- Other names
- ADCC effector cellsNK cells (in ADCC)Macrophages (in ADCC)Monocytes (in ADCC)Neutrophils (in ADCC)Eosinophils (in ADCC)
02
Mechanism of action
Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC)
03
Biological functions
Cell-mediated cytotoxicityImmune responseTarget cell lysisApoptosis inductionAntibody bindingFc receptor signaling
04
Disease associations
Viral infectionCancerParasitic infectionAutoimmune disease (potential)Inflammation (potential)
05
Safety considerations
Cytokine release syndrome (CRS)Off-target toxicityImmune-related adverse events (irAEs)Exacerbation of autoimmune conditions
06
Interacting drugs
Therapeutic antibodies (e.g., rituximab, trastuzumab)
2 more in the full profile.
07
Biomarkers
FcγRIIIa/CD16 expression level on NK cellsNK cell activityAntibody glycosylation (afucosylation)Fc receptor polymorphisms (e.g., CD16 Val158Phe)Target antigen density
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