Antigen-presenting cell receptors mediating allergen uptake

Antigen-presenting cell (APC) receptors mediating allergen uptake are a functional group of surface molecules that facilitate the recognition and internalization of allergens by cells such as dendritic cells and B cells. This group primarily includes C-type lectin receptors (CLRs), such as the Mannose Receptor (CD206) and DC-SIGN (CD209), which bind to carbohydrate structures on allergens, as well as Fc receptors like FcεRI and CD23 that mediate IgE-dependent uptake. These receptors play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of allergic diseases, including asthma, rhinitis, and food allergies, by initiating the cascade that leads to Th2 cell polarization and IgE production. The specific receptor engaged during uptake significantly influences the subsequent T-cell response, determining whether the outcome is allergic sensitization or immune tolerance. Therapeutic interventions often target these pathways to redirect the immune response; for example, allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) uses modified allergens to engage specific CLRs and induce regulatory T cells. Additionally, anti-IgE therapies like omalizumab reduce the efficiency of allergen uptake by limiting the formation of IgE-allergen complexes that bind to Fc receptors on APCs.

Other names

Allergen uptake receptorsAPC pattern recognition receptorsC-type lectin receptors in allergyFc receptors in allergen presentation

Modulation of allergen uptake and processing to shift immune response from Th2-driven inflammation to tolerance (Treg induction).