Antigen-presenting cell receptors mediating uptake of mite allergens

Antigen-presenting cell receptors mediating uptake of mite allergens refers to a functional group of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) primarily expressed on dendritic cells and macrophages that recognize and internalize allergens from house dust mites (HDM), such as Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus. The most prominent members of this group are C-type lectin receptors (CLRs), including the Mannose Receptor (CD206), DC-SIGN (CD209), and Dectin-2 (CLEC6A), which bind to carbohydrate moieties on allergens like Der p 1 and Der p 2 (Willart et al., 2012, J Clin Invest; Barrett et al., 2009, J Immunol). Additionally, Der p 2 can act as a functional mimic of MD-2, facilitating the activation of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) (Trompette et al., 2009, Nature). These receptors are critical for the initiation of the allergic cascade, as they mediate the endocytosis, processing, and subsequent presentation of allergen-derived peptides to naive T cells, promoting a Th2-biased immune response. This Th2 polarization leads to the production of IgE and the recruitment of eosinophils, driving the pathogenesis of allergic asthma and rhinitis (Hammad & Lambrecht, 2008, Nat Rev Immunol). While no drugs currently target these receptors exclusively in clinical practice, they are significant targets for research into novel immunotherapies and glycan-based inhibitors designed to block allergen uptake and induce immune tolerance.

Other names

C-type lectin receptors (CLRs)Mannose receptor (CD206)DC-SIGN (CD209)Dectin-2 (CLEC6A)Dectin-1 (CLEC7A)Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)

Competitive inhibition of allergen binding to C-type lectin receptors, modulation of dendritic cell-mediated T-cell polarization, and induction of peripheral T-cell tolerance through allergen immunotherapy.